The nature of light and darkness

In physics, darkness doesn’t have a definition other than being is simply the absence of light. Light is a form of energy that travels in waves and illuminates our world. When we “remove” darkness, we are actually introducing light into a space. Metaphorically, this principle can be extended to social and community issues.

In the context of a community seeking revival, “darkness” can represent various challenges.  It can take the form of economic stagnation, high crime rates, lack of educational opportunities, poor infrastructure, and/or social disintegration.  These issues often interconnect and reinforce each other, creating a cycle of decline that can be difficult to break.

Just as physical light dispels darkness, positive actions and initiatives can address community challenges. This “light” can take many forms.  This might be economic development programs, education and skills training, crime prevention strategies, infrastructure improvements, community engagement and social cohesion efforts.

Just as a small source of light can illuminate a large dark space, positive community initiatives can have far-reaching effects. This is known as the multiplier effect in economics and social science.  For instance, a study by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that for every $1 invested in high-quality early childhood programs, there was a return of $7 to $10 in reduced need for special education, higher earnings, and reduced crime.

Light in a community context can also refer to social capital - the networks of relationships that enable a society to function effectively. Robert Putnam’s seminal work “Bowling Alone” demonstrated how increased social capital correlates with lower crime rates, better educational outcomes, and improved public health.

Communities with high social capital are more resilient and better equipped to address challenges. A study by the World Bank found that communities with strong social networks recovered more quickly from natural disasters compared to those with weaker social ties.

Community leaders play a crucial role in “bringing light” to their communities. Effective leadership provides vision, or a clear picture of what the community can become.  They can provide direction and strategies to achieve that vision. They can provide inspiration and motivation for community members to participate.  Research by the Urban Institute highlights the importance of local leadership in successful community development initiatives.

There is also the contagious nature of positive change.  Just as light spreads and reflects, positive changes in a community can have a contagious effect. This phenomenon is supported by social contagion theory, which suggests that behaviors and attitudes can spread through a population like a virus.  For example, a study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that community-based programs to reduce smoking had a ripple effect, influencing even those not directly involved in the programs.

While introducing “light” is crucial, maintaining it is equally important. Community revival is often a long-term process that requires sustained effort and investment.  A longitudinal study of the Harlem Children’s Zone, a comprehensive community initiative in New York, showed significant improvements in educational outcomes and quality of life indicators over a 20-year period, demonstrating the value of long-term, holistic approaches to community development.

The scientific principle that darkness cannot remove darkness, and that it takes light to dispel darkness, offers a powerful framework for community revival. It emphasizes the need for proactive, positive initiatives rather than solely focusing on fighting against negative elements. By introducing “light” in the form of economic opportunities, education, social cohesion, and effective leadership, communities can create a self-reinforcing cycle of positive change.

This approach requires a shift in mindset from problem-focused to solution-oriented thinking. It calls for sustained effort, investment in social capital, and a recognition of the interconnected nature of community challenges. By embracing this perspective, local communities can harness the power of positive action to illuminate their path toward revival and sustainable development.

John Newby is a nationally recognized Columnist, Speaker, & Publisher. He consults with Chambers, Communities, Business & Media. His “Building Main Street, not Wall Street,” column appears in 60+ newspapers and media outlets. As founder of Truly-Local, he assists chambers, communities, media, and businesses in creating synergies that build vibrant communities. He can be reached at: John@Truly-Local.org.